HMO

An HMO is a property where three or more people, forming two or more separate households, share basic facilities such as a kitchen, bathroom or toilet. Typical examples include shared houses of unrelated adults, student houses and some bedsits.

In England and Wales, HMOs are subject to extra legal duties because the risks of overcrowding, fire and poor management are higher. Many larger HMOs, for example, five or more people in two or more households, require a mandatory HMO licence from the local council. Some councils also run additional or selective licensing schemes that cover smaller HMOs.

Landlords and agents managing HMOs must meet specific standards on fire precautions, amenities, room sizes, waste management and overall property condition, alongside the general rules that apply to all rented homes. Failing to licence or properly manage an HMO can lead to criminal penalties, rent repayment orders and restrictions on regaining possession. Always check with your local authority on licencing in your area.